Myelofibrosis
Myelofibrosis (bone marrow fibrosis) is characterized by the presence of excessive collagen and reticulin fibers in bone marrow. In most patients, it arises secondary to other disease processes. Pediatric myelofibrosis is uncommon; much of what is known about it is extrapolated from the adult literature or reported from isolated cases in children. Source: Medscape
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, also called HLH, is an immune deficiency disorder. In this type of disorder, part of the immune system is missing or defective. That means the body can’t fight infections as it should. Patients with HLH have T lymphocytes and macrophages cells that don’t work properly. These cells become overactive, causing too much inflammation. Ordinarily, these cells should destroy infected, damaged cells of the body. In HLH, the immune system begins to damage the patient’s own tissues and organs, including the liver, brain and bone marrow where blood is made. These cells then destroy other blood cells such as red blood cells, platelets and neutrophils. Source: Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Max The Angry Macrophage – A Story about HLH
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) involves the intravenous infusion of autologous or allogeneic stem cells collected from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood to reestablish hematopoietic function in patients whose bone marrow or immune system is damaged or defective. This procedure is often performed as part of therapy to eliminate a bone marrow infiltrative process, such as leukemia, or to correct congenital immunodeficiency disorders. Source: Medscape
Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis
Oral mucositis is a common complication of cancer chemotherapy. It begins 5-10 days after the initiation of chemotherapy and lasts 7-14 days. Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis causes the mucosal lining of the mouth to atrophy and break down, forming ulcers. Source: Medscape
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
A colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell). G-CSF is a cytokine that belongs to the family of drugs called hematopoietic (blood-forming) agents. Also called filgrastim. Source: Medicine Net